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This dissertation entitled “A concept of distributive justice in the view of Theravada Buddhist philosophy” has three objectives: 1) to study the concept of distributive justice of liberalism and socialism, 2) to study the concept of distributive justice in the view of Theravada Buddhist philosophy, and 3) to critically analyze the concept of distributive justice in the view of Theravada Buddhist philosophy. This research employed the qualitative research methodology done by critically studying documents, texts and related research works.        
         From the study of the first objective, it was clearly found that on the one hand, the justice distribution of resources advocated by liberalism basically means the one which is done in accordance with right, freedom and individual ability through free market mechanism where citizen has the right to own such resource. In this, the goal of the mentioned distribution is to provide the material freedom of each citizen in a society, therefore, liberalism holds that the distribution based on the right, freedom and ability of citizen becomes the just distribution, on the other hand, when it comes to the just distribution of resources, socialism holds that the just distribution is done if it is carried out according to the individual necessity through the mechanism of the state where the means of production and exchange are controlled by the state meaning that the state owns the resources used for the production as such. In this, the state will not grant any right to individual to own the means of production because it will give rise the disadvantages to the social class. Here the goal of the distribution is to provide the equality of the opportunity and benefit. Therefore, socialism regards the distribution of resources according to the necessity of citizen through the controlling of the state as the just distribution of resources.

              From the study of the second objective, it also clearly indicated that the just distribution of resources according to Theravada Buddhist philosophical idea basically means the one done through the principle of fairness, that is, freedom is granted to the citizen by the state in order to carry out their occupation based on their ability rightly. In the same time, the state has the direct duty in providing the necessary support to the poor people who are in need where basic requisites are necessitated to subsidize the living life. In this, the right to become the owner of the natural resources is also granted to the citizen. However, the limitation of individual right to become the owner of natural resources is also done because the unlimited ownership, if allowed, would harm a society accordingly. The goal of such just distribution of resources is to provide the good life for all citizens while living in the society. Therefore, according to Theravada Buddhist philosophical view, the just distribution of resources is the one which is actively done through the principle of fair distribution of resources.

             From the study of the third objective, it considerably showed that most of the idea on the just distribution of resources endorsed by Theravada Buddhist philosophy share the sameness with liberalism more than socialism. However, there are some ideas held by Theravada Buddhist philosophy vary from both, liberalism and socialism, to wit, Theravada Buddhist philosophy lays great emphasis on the freedom the state grants to the citizen in working for living life in accordance with their ability and righteous ways of doing which are somehow accorded with liberalism but becoming the weak point to socialism. In the same way, Theravada Buddhist philosophy significantly focusses on that thing where the basic requisites of citizen will be guaranteed while facing with poorness till meeting self-reliance and this is similar to what is supported by socialism but becoming the weak point to liberalism. Therefore, according to Theravada Buddhist philosophical viewpoint, the idea on the just distribution of resources should become the alternative way considered as the better than socialist and liberalist ideas due to providing the fairness to all concerned where sustainable development could be actualized accordingly.

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