บทคัดย่อภาษาไทย

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บทคัดย่อภาษาอังกฤษ

The purpose of this research was two objectives 1) to study the sound system of Burmese language spoken in Magway division of Myanmar, and 2) to analyze the sound system of Burmese language spoken in Magway Division of Myanmar. The sample consists of seven informants obtained by purposive way to provide phonological of Burmese's sound system. The research methodology is qualitative. The tools used are books, informants, journals, thesis and online. The data analyses were the sound system of phonological word, the phonemes of consonant, vowels, tomes, syllable, assimilation and intonation.

The result of research was found that

The results of the study revealed that phonological words were four types of the sound: monosyllabic, disyllabic, trisyllabic and tetrasyllabic. Each word type carries predictably strong stress at the final syllable. The phonemes were three major classes according to their functions in the syllable: consonant, vowel and tone. There was consonant phoneme comprise thirty-four: /p, ph, b, ŧ, đ, t, th, d, k, kh, g, ʔ, s, sh, z, ɕ, h, c, ch, j, m, hm, n, hn, ɲ, hɲ, ŋ, hŋ, w, hw, y, l, hl, r/.

The classification of vowel phonemes is based on three parameters:
1) Vertical tongue position, 2) Horizontal tongue position, 3) Lip shape or lip position. Vowel phonemes in Magway of Burmese are two main groups:  oral and nasal vowels. There were five teen vowel phonemes, seven simples and one glide in oral vowels. And there are six simples and one glide in nasal vowel. The eight oral vowels are
/a, e, i, u, o, ɛ, ɔ, ai/. The seven nasal vowels are /ĩ, ӗ, ã, ũ, õ, ɔ˜, ãĩ/.

The contrastive in Magway of Burmese tones /1, 2, 3, 4/. These four tonemes function in both major and minor syllables. The four tones were /1, 2, 3, 4/, or high falling, mid falling, mid high, and high abrupt, respectively. In isolated pronunciation other than in assimilation, both major and minor syllables in toneme /1/ and /4/ are pronounced medium and short length respectively in opposition to tonemes /2/ and /3/ which are pronounced long. The presyllable is always pronounced short and is referred to as toneless or neutral tone.

There were three types of syllable: major, minor, and presyllable.
The structure of the major and minor syllable is C_i1 (C_i1) V₁ (V₂) ^T, and the structure of presyllable is only /Ca/. The syllable structure is Ci₁ (Ci₂) V₁ (V₂) ^T. The minimal syllable in Magway of Myanmar requires C consonant + V vowel + T tone (C_i1 V₁^T) and
the maximal syllable corresponds to the complete structure shown in the above formula. There are three types of syllable: major, minor and presyllable.

The number of tone space is divided into five levels, starting from 1 as
the lowest to 5 as the highest. Phonation and length are also shown in the table 4, since pitch should not be the only factor to realize tone. The assimilation of sound was also three directional possibilities in which the assimilation works, regressive, progressive and coalescent with either total or partial assimilation. The three types of assimilation occur very frequently. In addition, in Magway region of Burmese Language, hundreds of languages and dialects belongs mainly to spoken by various ethnic groups. The intonation group is the highest rank in the phonological hierarchy. Only tones create different intonation contours: if the pitch pattern of the final syllables or particles is falling the intonation of the utterance is falling, if the pitch pattern is rising then the intonation of the utterance will be rising.

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